Sustainability on the road: van life and camping fact check

• Waste reduction: from low-waste to zero-waste – van life or even life on a parking lot makes it quite easy to avoid waste as much as possible compared to a conventional life in an apartment or house. For example, food in a compact van refrigerator is not in danger of being forgotten in some hidden corner, as is often the case, whereupon it usually ends up in the trash can. Those who want to improve their waste balance even more, after all, simply do without the known culprits. That means: plastic in all kinds and forms. Use cloth bags instead of plastic bags, exchange the to-go cup for your own (you always have it with you in the van anyway), do without straws, etc. Furthermore, many plastic products can be replaced by natural alternatives. The conventional plastic toothbrush, for example, with one made of bamboo, which is biodegradable and, unlike its plastic counterpart, does not sit around for hundreds of years or turn into microplastic. DIY enthusiasts can also make their own cosmetics and care products and thus firstly have control over the ingredients used, and secondly can reduce further packaging waste.

• Nature conservation rules: Rules of nature conservation or rules of conduct serve to protect the local flora and fauna and should always be followed. Even if some of them may seem exaggerated, a local expert has always thought about them and has drawn up the rules mainly as a result of (nature-damaging) precedents. A campfire in the wrong place does not necessarily lead directly to a forest fire, but can be disturbing to native animals in sensitive phases, such as breeding periods. The same applies to dogs running free. So if you are serious about sustainability, in these cases you should accept a slight restriction on the newly won freedom of your van life and take into account all applicable nature conservation rules.

• Toilet choice: If you generally choose not to have an on-board toilet in your own van, you will reduce your consumption of resources, as many models require water and electricity. At the same time, however, you also lose a large portion of comfort, which becomes unpleasantly noticeable at night, in case of illness or bad weather. If you are forced to leave the van under such circumstances, it can be very unpleasant. Thus, choosing not to have a toilet in your the van is not necessarily recommendable, even if there might be one or two hardened vanlifers who have come to terms with the absence of a toilet. In the following we will therefore do a detailed fact-check on which toilet variants are suitable for van life and how they perform in terms of sustainability.

In principle, there are two toilet variants that can be used as an on-board toilet in a van or motor home: chemical toilets and separation toilets.

Chemical toilets in their most basic form are quite inexpensive to purchase and are still installed as standard in many motorhomes. However, this circumstance should not inspire false confidence in the customer!

Although chemical toilets do their job relatively reliably, in that they stop the decomposition of urine and faeces and thus prevent odour formation to a certain extent, all this happens at a high price, which our environment ultimately pays. Because of the chemical substances used, these toilets must not be emptied in nature under any circumstances, but only at specially equipped disposal facilities. However, even if the contents of your chemical toilet are disposed of correctly, they still have to be defused” or reconditioned at great expense. Chemical toilets may seem practical at first glance, but due to the chemical substances used, they are real sustainability killers and therefore not recommended.

Urine-diverting toilets have the great advantage that they do not require any water supply at all, and in some cases even no electricity, which places them high up on the sustainability scale. In addition, contrary to some persistent clichés, they reliably prevent the formation of odours and are only dependent on the use of litter, which is added to the waste, or the removal of air. Disposing of the contents of a separating toilet is also easy to reconcile with a sustainable lifestyle: urine collected separately can be diluted with water and used as fertiliser or disposed of in a permanent toilet. If you are travelling with a van, of course you don’t have a flower bed with you that would benefit from this fertiliser. But the message is clear: urine mixed with water can be used for the good of nature. Although the solid waste container requires a collection bag, this does not have to be made of plastic – it is also available in a biodegradable version. Thus, the use of a separating toilet allows you to deal with your leftovers in the most sustainable way.